Education
Block time is not wall-clock time: finality, reorgs, timestamps
A block timestamp is a protocol input, not a certified clock. How inclusion, confirmations, finality, and reorgs shape timing evidence in litigation.
Nick Kampe16 min read
Category
Education
16 articles
Education
Token approvals, permits, and transfer attribution
Explains how ERC-20 approvals and permit signatures separate token ownership, transfer submission, delegated authority, and proof of owner intent.
Nick Kampe10 min read
Education
What happens when cryptocurrency is sent to the wrong address
Learn why a cryptocurrency transfer to the wrong address is usually irreversible, which recovery paths may remain, and how counsel can assess them.
Nick Kampe7 min read
Education
Cryptocurrency in bankruptcy: a trustee's investigation checklist
A checklist for bankruptcy trustees and creditors' counsel to identify, trace, and value cryptocurrency assets during insolvency investigations.
Nick Kampe8 min read
Education
Rug pulls and token fraud: what attorneys need to know
An attorney-focused guide to rug pull mechanics, on-chain evidence, smart-contract review, defendant attribution, and recovery steps in token fraud matters.
Nick Kampe8 min read
Education
Deconstructing a blockchain Ponzi: methodology and evidence
A forensic method for reconstructing a cryptocurrency Ponzi scheme, calculating victim losses, tracing operator withdrawals, and preparing litigation evidence.
Nick Kampe8 min read
Education
How to read a blockchain transaction: a guide for attorneys
Learn to interpret a blockchain transaction with public block explorers, from Ethereum fields and token transfers to Bitcoin inputs and evidentiary limits.
Nick Kampe8 min read
Education
Blockchain analyst vs. blockchain expert witness
How consulting and testifying blockchain experts differ in privilege, discovery, disclosures, and engagement planning for attorneys handling litigation.
Nick Kampe7 min read
Education
Cross-chain bridges and why they complicate asset tracing
An explanation of how cross-chain bridges interrupt blockchain transaction trails and the forensic methods used to reconnect funds across networks.
Nick Kampe7 min read
Education
Stablecoin freeze options for USDT and USDC
How Tether and Circle can freeze USDT and USDC balances, what a freeze does and does not do, and how attorneys can seek timely relief in fraud cases.
Nick Kampe6 min read
Education
Smart contract disputes: when code is not law
A plain-language guide to smart contract disputes, explaining code execution, common conflicts, forensic analysis, and expert evidence in litigation.
Nick Kampe14 min read
Education
Self-custody vs. custodial wallets: what attorneys need to know
A guide to custodial and self-custody cryptocurrency wallets, the records each leaves behind, and how attorneys can establish control in litigation.
Nick Kampe11 min read
Education
What lawyers need to know about DeFi
A plain-language guide for attorneys on how DeFi protocols work, why they complicate asset tracing, and what forensic analysis can establish.
Nick Kampe11 min read
Education
Understanding wallet ownership evidence
A guide to proving cryptocurrency wallet ownership in litigation, covering private keys, exchange records, device forensics, and signed messages.
Nick Kampe11 min read
Education
Can blockchain transactions be traced? A primer for attorneys
An attorney-focused explanation of tracing public blockchain transactions, address attribution, exchange records, and the limits of on-chain evidence.
Nick Kampe12 min read
Education
How cryptocurrency is hidden during divorce in Missouri
A guide for Missouri family law attorneys on identifying concealed cryptocurrency in divorce through discovery, exchange records, and blockchain tracing.
Nick Kampe12 min read